Fits perfectly and feels very comfortable, Fits well in the body armor. CERADYNE, INC., CALIFORNIA, Free format text: Product Page: https://www.spartanarmorsystems.com/spartan-armor-systems-level-iii-elaphros-set-of-two/ Guide to Certification. a composite backing layer in contiguous relation to said ceramic plate; a flexible layer of cellular material having a plurality of contiguous closed cells positioned between opposed cover layers, said cellular material layer being positioned closest to said soft body armor. (1.5 kg. I first learned about edge protection of body armor when I deployed for the first time.
This counter-load reduces the deflection of the rigid armor plate during the impact event which, in turn, reduces the degree of flexure-induced cracking experienced by the plate. This allows us to provide a lightweight, thin, high-performing ballistic option that will allow all-day wear. Elaphros body armor is neutrally buoyant and so light that it floats in water! Every pound, or even ounce, taken off a load can make a difference. There was a small misunderstanding on my part when I order but the WPS answered my question. For example, Spartan Armor AR500 in their NIJ-Listed Level III is at least 8.6 lbs per plate and 9.7 lbs if you add the extra finish.
Analyze your unique situation to decide on how many plates you will need. Pellentesque de fermentum mollis comodous an loremous, Spartan Omega AR500 Body Armor Level III, Spartan Armor Systems Tactical Level IIIA Certified Wraparound Vest, Spartan Armor Systems Level IIIA Flexed Fused Core Soft Armor Side Panels Set of Two, Spartan Armor Systems Level III+ AR550 and Legion XL Plate Carrier Package, Spartan Armor Systems Armis Level IIIA Multi Curve Plates, Spartan Armor Systems Level III Elaphros Set of Two, Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Hybrid Fibers, Our Proprietary Encapsaloc Polyurea Coating, Raised and Embedded 3D Spartan Armor Systems. After the bullet impact, a depression is preserved in the face of this clay.
5B is a schematic showing a side view of a typical test set-up prior to projectile impact; FIG. The result is a single curve design that is lighter, thinner, and better performing while also fitting the body for maximum protection. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL, Plate construction composed of more than one layer, Layered armour containing ceramic material, Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics, Agency For Science, Technology And Research, The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy. WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, NORTH CAROLIN, Free format text: Keep up to date with the latest news & updates, Body Armor, Plate Carriers & Ballistic Plates, Duritium III+PA Body Armor Plate Multicurve, The Top 3 Reasons Why Tough Guys Ruin Relationships, Bedros Keuilian: Honing the Immigrant Edge, The Common Sense Way to Choose Your Weapons and Gear. . - The panel may only be used or placed in a cover or carrier it is designed or intended for. Now, consider wearing the lightest Level III plates from Spartan Armor or Armored Republic. Our Duritium body armor plates are the lightest, thinnest, and most comfortable plates you'll ever wear. As much research as I could conduct, I couldnt find any product number and noticed that the armor label on the back of the plate doesnt have the NIJ seal of approval. For example, we know full ceramic armor cant hold up against multiple shots, especially with rifle caliber rounds. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PUCKETT, DAVID L.;ALFELD, ROBERT D., JR.;MILLER, JON;REEL/FRAME:013165/0250, WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, NORTH CAROLIN, SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:CERADYNE, INC.;CERADYNE ESK, LLC;ESK CERAMICS GMBH & CO. KG;REEL/FRAME:015074/0158, ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION, Ceramic armour and method of construction, Ceramic components, ceramic component systems, and ceramic armour systems, Non-explosive energetic material and a reactive armor element using same, Ceramic components with diamond coating for armor applications, Multi-layer armor having lateral shock transfer, Modular blast-resistant panel system for reinforcing existing structures, Armor protection against explosively-formed projectiles, Armor module and an armor array used therein, Apparatus and method to measure back face signature of armor, Structural system with high absorption capacity to impactive and impulsive loads, Dissipative structures and related methods, A kind of novel and portable flak jackets possessing kinetic energy absorption structure, Folded pocket type liquid shear enhancing fencing protection clothes and its manufacture method in a kind of, Bullet-proof multilayered materials and manufacturing method thereof, Armor systems with pressure wave redirection technology, Confinement structuresDefenCell plastic gabion system, Lightweight armor and ballistic projectile defense apparatus, Lightweight armor with a durable spall cover, Method for forming cylindrical armor elements, Ceramic bodies for use in composite armor, Multi-ply heterogeneous armor with viscoelastic layers and hemispherical, conical, and angled laminate strikeface projections, Hybrid composite structures for ballistic protection, Non-scalar flexible rifle defeating armor system, Hybridized composite architecture for mitigation of non-penetrating ballistic trauma, Advances in protective personnel and vehicle armors, Bullet-proof panel used in armor protection, Amplification of air shock waves by textile materials, Information on status: application discontinuation. Well never ask our customers to take our word for it, because we know that the men and women we strive to protect deserve better. No. Due to semi-annual warehouse reorganization, order fulfillment will be delayed 7 business days. When it comes to wearing the lightest stand-alone Level 3 body armor, there is nothing even close to the Duritium, Tested compliant by accredited independent laboratories, Imagine wearing both a front and back plate that is. Whether you are a security professional, military contractor, or law enforcement officer the Level III+ Lightweight Poly Plate will not only meet but exceed, all your needs. Yes, if you look at the MSRP, AR armor is $300 cheaper than the Duritium plate. reinforcing said cellular material by covering at least one surface of said material with a layer of reinforcing fiber. Showing our customers that they can trust our name means everything to us as a team. What is the protection level of this plate when used alone?
If your insert does not fit properly simply send it back and we'll exchange it within 10 days. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. FIT GUARANTEE We are committed to getting you the best fitting body armor. forming said cellular material out of a thermoplastic polyurethane. The first way to check before you ever buy body armor is to go to the. No credit checks or social security numbers necessary, this does not go on your credit report. The invention is intended for use with helmets or protective vests typical of those worn by police and soldiers and with hard armor upgrade plates that are used in conjunction with flexible armor vests to increase protection to rifle bullet level. Join us and get access to exclusive promo offers, free product giveaways, and limited product releases. If youre wearing the Level III Omega plate from Spartan Armor, you wear at least 19.4 lbs. While supplies last. Every American is entitled to finding the best protection for themselves and their families. The Level III+PA plate is on an entirely new level that simply cant be reached with AR500 steel, regardless of the production method. For example, Spartan Armor AR500 in their NIJ-Listed Level III is at least. Taking great pride in every piece of armor Spartan Armor Systems produces, the raised 3D Spartan Armor Systems logos is a symbol of our exceptionally high-quality standards and pride. These high performance ballistic plate are made using ceramic armour technology or lightweight (DYNEEMA) fibre and are available in two performance levels and different sizes to fit the complete range of First Armour's jackets and vests . No. Regardless, the Duritium Level III+PS plate is still significantly lighter than any of our competitors. Even though we are actively trying to bring in new customers from law enforcement organizations and the military, our Shotstop body armor is for everyone. Shotstop prides itself on providing not just the lightest plate on the planet, but one of the lowest profile plates as well. Even though Spartan Armor has 9 ballistic plates that are currently NIJ-Listed, the Omega isnt on the active list. We have removed the subscription item from the shopping cart. If youre in the market for IIIA armor youll not be unhappy with these I assure you. , regarding the capability of the body armor. 12 clearly demonstrates the significant reduction in deformation with the addition of a TPU-based trauma reduction layer. It is, in effect, a highly compressible layer that disperses a dynamic load applied normal to its surface (resulting for example from the bullet impact) into a more laterally extensive pressure distribution. Whether youre sitting, crouching, or laying prone, you want your armor to not stick out as much from your chest. We love the fact that Armored Republic has well over a dozen Level III plates that are NIJ-Listed. These methods add significant weight and also reduce the efficiency of the armor with respect to dispersal of the bullet energy by restricting the movement of the armor back surface during the impact event. However, after taxes and the trauma pads, youll around spend $500 per plate. That comes from years as a Marine and a backpacker. All Rights Reserved. Even though our10 (Level 4) and 15-year (Level 3+) warrantiesmake our armor cheaper over time, spending more than $500 on a set of plates is a lot at one time. of extra weight can have an adverse effect on our joints. To be clear, there are many states that have different laws about body armor, so its important to research your own state before you buy. These high performance ballistic plate are made using lightweight (DYNEEMA) fibre and are available in two performance levels and different sizes to fit the complete range of First Armour's jackets and vests . Level III+PS plate is still significantly lighter than any of our competitors. Body armor includes but is not limited to soft armor, hard armor plates and helmets. Therefore, such modifications and additions are deemed to be within the scope hereof which is to be limited only by the appended claims and their equivalents. make for a very limited armor plate. The open spaces of the honeycomb may be filled with a fluid, although air is most commonly used. NATIONAL BODY ARMOR WARRANTIES & GUARANTEES. Each plate only weighs 3.2 lbs for the 10x12 SAPI or Shooters Cut design. No matter what, Ive never heard or seen anyone request the heaviest body armor because no one wants to be bogged down when they need to bounce. Our plate is the same size as the Medium SAPI and ESAPI plates and is the same weight as the ESAPI plate. The Elaphros plates offer the comfort and affordability youve come to expect from Spartan Armor Systems. of extra weight (with no gear, ammo, guns, side plates, etc.). This is achieved by the use of one or more layers of an energy absorbing material that contains a large volume fraction of fluid filled free space, distributed throughout an internal cellular structure that accommodates deformation on one surface without passing on the same degree of deformation to its adjacent surface. With the ever-increasing interest in personal ballistic protection, it would mean a lot to us to be there for our fellow Americans. Before we get started on which armor is the best for specific situations and missions, I want to ensure everyone knows the laws and rules (at least on the federal level) for wearing body armor in public. The answer you get should give you enough to know that its more uncommon to offer the added protection that our Duritium technology will give you. The invention employs a flexible layer which can be utilized as a behind armor addition that substantially reduces deformation while adding very little weight or other negative side-effects. | Steel, Ceramic, and Polyethylene vs. Duritium Body Armor. However, if you were to wear a ShotStop Duritium Level III+PA plate, your added weight is only 5.4 lbs. prides itself on providing not just the lightest plate on the planet, but one of the lowest profile plates as well. Elaphros in Greek translates to light, quick, agile and easy to bear. This product is not eligible for international shipping. So, yes, they have an advantage on the front-end, but our 3x longer warranty gives us the advantage over your lifetime. How many Ballistic Plates should I buy? Elaphros'' in greek translates to light, quick, agile, and easy to bear. Your are successfully subscribed for email notifications. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PUCKETT, DAVID L.;ALFELD, ROBERT D., JR.;MILLER, JON;REEL/FRAME:013165/0250, Owner name: The graph of FIG. We applaud their dedication to doing things the right way and ensuring their customers are protected. And pounds, as in this case, are terrific! The important thing to consider with materials used is how effective and durable that material is, When you consider the effectiveness of polyethylene, then you add other composite materials to reinforce that material to make it, Ill keep this as simple as possible; Shotstop offers a, Many body armor customers have heard of the term. The invention reduces the intensity of this loading thereby reducing tissue trauma. Spartan Armor Systems Introduces our advanced Elaphros (Ultra Light Weight) Level III, Multi-curve, UHMWPE Body Armor. 1 is a schematic of a typical prior art body armor construction showing hard armor plate on a soft ballistic fabric without the addition of the present invention; FIG. This benefit is illustrated in FIGS. All Rights Reserved. a rigid strike face and a composite backing affixed to said strike face; and. The Duritium Level 3 plates comes in 5 different sizes with 2 separate plate cuts to accommodate any body type, size, and mission. 3 is a schematic of body armor construction showing a hard armor plate on a soft ballistic fabric with a trauma reduction layer added to decrease back face deformation; FIG. When this material is combined with reinforcing fiber material layers, the deformation reduction is further enhanced. Body Armor Direct warrants that for a period of (5) years from the date of purchase, the panels will conform to the minimum requirements of the NIJ protocol for ballistic intervention during an actual confrontation at the stated threat level (if your ballistic panels are not labeled in compliance with NIJ requirements, then this warranty does not apply to your panels). There are many companies that make AR500 steel or full ceramic body armor that claim they produce the lightest Level 4 body armor on the market. Many of its products are NIJ-Listed and with the amount of products they sell, its more impressive they have so many NIJ-Listed products. Therefore, we utilize only the best, most modern materials and manufacturing techniques. One of the big reasons weve been a successful company is were very critical of ourselves and are always trying to be better. Spartan Armor Systems Elaphros Body Armor Plates are lab tested and verified to meet or exceed ballistic resistance under NIJ-0101.06 Level III specifications. I'm running them in an AR500 plate carrier and they fit snug and feel light weight. consequat. The graph also shows how the invention laterally distributes the load more uniformly over a larger area; and. This warranty is subject to, and expressly conditioned upon, strict compliance with the following conditions: - The panel must not be torn, damaged, or altered in any way. NOTE: THIS ITEM CURRENTLY HAS A 4 WEEK LEAD TIME. The NIJ-Listed Model mark will be displayed on the back of the armor plate. Is this a SAPI Plate? If youre looking for the best lightweight Level 3 Body armor, look no further than Shotstop Duritium Level III+ plates. BEST FITTING Comfort and Fit are a prime concern forNational Body Armorand our customers. 2022 ShotStop Ballistics. This reinforcement adds strength and enhances load spreading without defeating the essential dynamic response of the trauma reduction mechanism. The fibers used in these textiles are typically aramid (such as Kevlar or Twaron) or polyethylene (such as Spectra Shield or Dyneema). If youd like to learn more, give a quick read of our What Are the Different Types of Body Armor? Guide to Certification, Every plate that is NIJ-Listed will have the. Our Elaphros Shooters Cut, 10X12, multi-curved, UHMWPE body armor was designed in-house by our dedicated team of engineers that have decades of industry experience. This Body Armor is designed for the operator that needs minimal weight and maximum maneuverability. Dyneema lightweight Plates HP/3+/1000 0.850 g, Dyneema Lightweight Plate Model DP3/3+/L 1.00 Kg, Dyneema plate Model DP/3+/L ( Stand Alone ) 1.380 Kg, Ceramic Ballistic Plates Model CBP/4/ L ( ICW ) 2.88 kg, Dyneema Plate Light Weight Model DP2/3+/L ( ICW ) 1.25 kg, Dyneema plate Model DP/3+/L ( Stand Alone ) 1.150 Kg, Silicon Carbide Plate Model SIC/3++/L Weight : 1.950 kg - Standalone, Silicon Carbide Plate Model SIC/3++/L Weight : 2.300 kg - Standalone, Ceramic Ballistic Plates Model CBP/4/ L ( ICW ) 2.300 kg. 4 is a detailed schematic of the preferred embodiment of the cellular material layer employed in the invention; FIG. Adding ballistic plates to your Level IIIA Bullet Proof Vest gives you the highest level of protection available. Certain other specifications, including those used by the military, may be slightly different, but with the general goal of achieving deformations below the NIJ maximum value. The invention reduces the intensity of this loading thereby reducing tissue trauma. It depends on how much protection you desire. When you consider the effectiveness of polyethylene, then you add other composite materials to reinforce that material to make it stronger, more durable, lighter, and more comfortable, you get what we call Duritium technology. If they offered an independent test from an NIJ-Listed Laboratory, it would be different. - The panel must not be permitted to be excessively wet. We will issue an electronic gift card so you may correct the size or purchase another item. It provides the same level of protection as the PA plate, but its not as light and its 2/10 thicker. In the past, semi-rigid plates of plastic or metal have been used as an insert behind the armor to help spread the deformation across a larger body surface, thereby reducing trauma. BulletSafe Ballistic Plates offer Level IV protection when used in conjunction with the BulletSafe Bulletproof Vest. Simply notify us within 10 days of receipt via our Returns Portal and send back to us. Elaphros lightweight body armor offers NIJ Level III (certified) threat protection at approximately half the weight of most comparable body armor plates. ), Thickness (+/-0.125): 0.95 in. For heavier rounds and level IV protection, the plate needs to be used in conjunction with the BulletSafe Bulletproof Vest. Billing, Shipping & Returns Terms and Conditions. to figure out if your body armor is NIJ-listed and on the active compliant list with the Criminal Justice Testing and Evaluation Consortium (CJETC). I'm not the greatest at math, but that means our Duritium Level III+PA plate is at least 67-75% lighter than our top competitors. If for any reason you are not satisfied with your purchase all we ask is you return it in new unworn condition. This product includes one body armor plate. The NIJ-Listed Model mark will be displayed on the back of the armor plate. We know Spartan Armor is a good, ethical brand, but we also share the hardships in getting body armor through the NIJ testing procedures. Newer Post , ShotStop Ballistics, LLC1000 Campus Dr., Suite 300Stow, Ohio 44224USA, ShotStop Ballistics, ShotStop, Duritium, BallisticBoard and SS logo mark are registered trademarks of ShotStop Ballistics, LLC, 2011 2022 ShotStop Ballistics, LLC. We stand behind our products with a five year warranty on all ballistic soft armor insert plates matched by a two year warranty on outside carriers. Plates ship directly from the manufacturer with an estimated 4 week delivery. Maybe in some industries, proving your claims isnt as important (i.e. 6 is a schematic of typical test results after impact and the deformation value registered in the clay (D, FIG. If youre a soldier or police officer, your career is over at 20 years for the average public servant. Ounces matter. There are 2 ways to figure out if your body armor is NIJ-listed and on the active compliant list with the Criminal Justice Testing and Evaluation Consortium (CJETC). The protective value of ceramic/composite armor to multiple hits is directly related to the degree of cracking experienced by the plate. 12 shows actual data of tests conducted using the test setup of FIG. We often refer to this as keeping in the fight, because our Duritium technology will not only absorb and deflect some of the energy from the bullet, but it will also give you the best chance at staying in the fight after being shot. The 2 extra sizes help people that might have a tall torso, but shorter arms and legs find the right fit. Duritium has a unique ability to take hits without destroying the soft tissue behind it. Each plate only weighs. In fact, AR states a con for polyethylene armor is its too thick. (retired Marine), Love my body armor. It weighs only 5.65 lbs, and is made from a ceramic material that contains alumina and High Strength Polyethylene. It is widely held that trauma resulting from back face signature (BFS) can be severe and debilitating. When it comes to wearing the lightest stand-alone Level 3 body armor, there is nothing even close to the DuritiumLevel III+PA plate. The point of my story is to share an example of why it matters so much when we boast about the 07 thickness of our Duritium. FREE REPLACEMENT We will replace your product within the warranty period if it used to save your life! 2. Referring first to FIG. However, neither such patent discloses the use of peak load reduction material as a trauma reduction layer in a behind armor configuration. Which Body Armor is Safer, the Duritium Level III+PA or the Spartan Omega Level III? Spartan Armor Systems Elaphros Body Armor Plates are lab tested and certified to meet or exceed ballistic resistance under NIJ-0101.06 Level III specifications. Steel body armor will never be better at energy absorption than Polyethylene plates and sure as hell not even close to Duritium plates. This is obviously comparing apples to oranges here, but the Spartan Armor Omega AR500 armor plate is being sold as a lightweight, multi-hit plate with no evidence to back up their claims. 8 is a schematic of load dispersion prior, during and after compression of the invention, demonstrating how load is transmitted from a local impact area to adjacent areas and how the trauma reduction layer actually creates a reactive load adding to the overall regional support; FIG. Elaphros body armor plates offer the comfort, reliability, quality, and affordability youve come to expect from Spartan Armor Systems. Lightweight ceramic armor with improved blunt trauma protection. 5A is a schematic showing a frontal view of a typical test set-up to measure deformation; FIG. Many body armor customers have heard of the term edge-to-edge protection, regarding the capability of the body armor. To learn about body armor laws, read our blog, Is it legal to wear body armor in public? ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION. Elaphros body armor is NIJ certified to meet or exceed level III requirements under NIJ 0101.06. U.S. Pat. This is why Spartan Armor and Armored Republic sell trauma pads with their steel-core armor. The BulletSafe Ballistic Plate fits securely in the pocket of the BulletSafe Bullet Proof Vest. The AR500 P2 series may be lightweight relative to their steel armor, but with 1 size option and still 3.5 lbs. I have no plans to test it so i really have no comment. 5,534,343 discloses the use of an inner layer of flexible cellular material. When applied to the USMC Interceptor body armor system SAPI (Small Arms Protective Insert) plate, the invention reduces deformation from an average of 41 mm to only 35 mm. I took part in extensive testing of this armor along with other members of my LE agency and was extremely impressed with its ability to stop an extensive range of calibers and bullet types ranging from handguns to soft point 5.56, shotgun slugs and buckshot, .243, .270, .30-06, .308 and 5.7mm rounds. Even in their lightest configuration, the closest they can come is, I'm not the greatest at math, but that means our Duritium. The important thing to consider with materials used is how effective and durable that material is. The NIJ requires that this deformation not exceed 44 mm in depth. We also understand that our armor is an expensive initial cost compared to our competitors. 7 is a schematic of typical test results after impact and the deformation value registered in the clay (D. FIG. It provides the same level of protection as the PA plate, but its not as light and its 2/10 thicker. However, the patent relates to flexible armor. Wed never want to be accused of misleading the public, so for this very reason, we include independent lab test results on every product page. This is a rare opportunity for every customer to save $50 on a pair of Level IIIA Clipboards that weigh only 1.3 lbs per item. These high performance ballistic plates are made using ceramic armour technology or lightweight ( DYNEEMA) fibre and are available in two performance levels and different sizes to fit the complete range of First Armour's jackets and Vests . SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:CERADYNE, INC.;CERADYNE ESK, LLC;ESK CERAMICS GMBH & CO. KG;REEL/FRAME:015074/0158, Free format text: 307 NE 4th AvenueCrystal River, Florida 34429, Call Free: 877-795-4848Phone: 352-795-4848. Dave was great when I callednice to hear the owner instead of a recording. 2022 SRS Tactical. Plates sold separately. Duritium III+PS Lightweight Body Armor Plate - Polyethylene, Lightweight, multi-hit, single-curve, thinner than other poly plates, and less bulky than ceramic, the Duritium III+PS is an affordable choice for those looking for a cost-effective option to replace their heavy steel or ceramic body armor. This warranty is 2-3 times longer than any of our competitors, giving you more confidence in the longevity of our armor. When we compare Spartan Level III body armor with our best Level III+ body armor, its not even close with the weight of the plate. It is 11 7/8 inches tall, 10 inches across, and 0.80 inches in depth. a layer of flexible cellular material positioned contiguous to said backing. Besides Weight, What Are Important Factors for the Best Level 3 Body Armor? 1 Level III+ Polyethylene Plate 10 x 12 NIJ Certified. By combining UHMWPE fabrics, ceramic, and a special pressing technique we have met the challenge. This objective is accomplished by reduction of the magnitude of deformation transmitted to rear most surface of the armor system (the surface closest to the body of the wearer) using a highly compressible and highly flexible layer of cellular material. The Duritium Level III+PS plate is our most affordable stand-alone NIJ-Listed Level 3 body armor plate. Our top-of-the-line Level III+ Lightweight Poly Plate. However, the advancements in body armor technology, specifically our Duritium Level III+ plates, have allowed us to offer true, Even if you decide you want to go with another company, ask them, There are dozens of companies that sell great body armor to the masses, but no other company provides body armor as lightweight as ShotStop, BallisticBoard IIIA Backpack Insert - Rigid, BallisticBoard IIIA Backpack Insert - Soft, Steel body armor will never be better at energy absorption than Polyethylene plates, According to United States Marine Captain, Courtney Thompson, Patents: US9,180,623; 10,048046; 15,335216. 5C is a schematic showing a side view of a typical test after projectile impact and defining deformation, FIG. This means that you can buy a set of Duritium Level III + PA plates once and give you confidence and protection 3x longer than the AR500 polyethylene plate. As I went to lay prone, my armor, my magazines, and other gear attached caused me to be raised up from the ground more than a foot. The point of my story is to share an example of why it matters so much when we boast about the 07 thickness of our Duritium Level III+PA plate. Id love to hear from any other company that can challenge us in that fact. It is, in effect, a highly compressible and flexible layer that disperses a dynamic load applied normal to its surface (resulting from the bullet impact) into a more laterally extensive pressure distribution.
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